A systematic spatial bias in remembering eye positions

Categorical bias in location memory in geometric spaces is well established. The present study assessed the presence of the bias in locating eyes in images of human faces. Participants were presented with digital faces and indicated the position of one of the eyes in both upright and inverted orientations. Biases resulted from participants using multiple sources of accessible information. No differences were found for upright vs. inverted face images. Overall, the data were consistent with the retrieval category adjustment model. These distortions may be considered within the forensic context, when eyewitnesses work with a sketch artist or use a computer program to generate an image of the culprit.     

An improved numerical method for constructing Halo/Lissajous orbits in a full solar system model

An improved numerical method that can construct Halo/Lissajous orbits in the vicinity of collinear libration points in a full solar system model is investigated. A full solar system gravitational model in the geocentric rotating coordinate system with a clear presentation of the angular velocity relative to the inertial coordinate system is proposed. An alternative way to determine patch points in the multiple shooting method is provided based on a dynamical analysis with Poincare′sections. By employing the new patch points and sequential quadratic programming, Halo orbits for L_1, L_2, and L_3 points as well as Lissajous orbits for L_1 and L_2 points in the EarthMoon system are generated with the proposed full solar system gravitational model to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

密封舱内漂浮小球运动规律的数值模拟研究

"天宫二号"空间实验室开展了首次人机协同在轨维修技术试验,机械臂操作终端抓取漂浮小球试验为在轨试验任务之一。为研究漂浮小球与机械臂操作终端运动特性之间的匹配性,文章建立了在轨微重力环境下小球运动的物理模型与数学模型,采用动网格方法对不同小球的运动特性进行数值模拟,得到小球的运动规律,由此确定小球的设计参数范围,作为机械臂操作终端系统方案设计的依据。最终,数值模拟结果与"天宫二号"空间实验室在轨试验数据的对比初步验证了该计算结果的正确性。     

机载移动端场面引导软件设计与仿真研究

为了减轻飞行员在繁忙机场场面运行的工作负荷，提升场面运行安全与效率，设计了一种基于移 动电子设备运行的场面引导软件。其采用可扩展架构和模块化功能设计，通过无线通信网络与综合场面监视系 统交联，实现场面引导功能。仿真测试表明，机载移动端场面引导软件能够为飞机在场面滑行操作提供路径引 导信息和冲突告警提示，可提升运行效率和安全性，具有一定的使用价值。     

云制造环境下机床装备资源选择方法

针对云制造环境下机床装备资源具有数量大、异质异构、服务制约因素多等问题，提出了基于多准则决策的机床装备资源选择方法。首先，利用本体论对机床装备资源建模，将物理资源虚拟化封装，实现虚拟资源与物理资源的逻辑映射。进一步地，使用语言变量量化决策者评估信息，采用模糊决策与试验评价实验室（FDEMATEL）和熵值法（EW）相结合的组合赋权法，引入模糊VIKOR（FVIKOR）多属性决策方法对机床装备资源进行综合评估，建立FDEMATEL-EW-FVIKOR的多准则混合决策模型。最后，将该方法应用于某生产制造企业，实验对比决策结果验证了多准则混合决策模型的可行性和有效性。     

联邦学习安全与隐私保护综述

联邦学习是一种新型的分布式学习框架，它允许在多个参与者之间共享训练数据而不会泄露其数据隐私。但是这种新颖的学习机制仍然可能受到来自各种攻击者的前所未有的安全和隐私威胁。本文主要探讨联邦学习在安全和隐私方面面临的挑战。首先，本文介绍了联邦学习的基本概念和威胁模型，有助于理解其面临的攻击。其次，本文总结了由内部恶意实体发起的3种攻击类型，同时分析了联邦学习体系结构的安全漏洞和隐私漏洞。然后从差分隐私、同态密码系统和安全多方聚合等方面研究了目前最先进的防御方案。最后通过对这些解决方案的总结和比较，进一步讨论了该领域未来的发展方向。     

基于合成射流的旋翼翼型动态失速控制研究

针对直升机旋翼工作环境下来流速度和迎角(Angle of attack,AoA)耦合引起的动态失速问题,建立了基于合成射流的旋翼动态失速控制的数值模拟方法。采用运动嵌套网格方法,通过对翼型的平移和旋转实现变来流速度-变迎角的耦合。以积分形式的雷诺平均N-S方程为主控方程,空间离散使用Roe格式,时间离散为隐式LU-SGS方法,以OA209翼型为研究对象,在翼型上表面放置合成射流激振器,开展了射流位置、动量系数、无量纲频率以及偏角等参数对轻度失速、深度失速下翼型动态失速控制的研究。研究发现,轻度失速下,射流位置靠近气流分离点时(20%c附近,c为翼型弦长),对逆压梯度引起的轻度失速控制效果最佳。深度失速下气流分离点虽在5%c之前,但射流位于前缘分离泡后端(10%c附近)时控制效果较好。大迎角需要较大的动量系数才能有效控制。射流频率对涡结构的尺寸和数量会产生一定影响,能改变气动特性波动幅度。较小的射流偏角对轻度失速的控制更有效,而深度失速则需要较大的偏角。     

高空发动机试车台矢量推力现场动态校准技术

根据发动机试车台矢量推力现场动态校准需求，通过系统化论证，针对试车台的技术要求及校准需求，解决发动机试车台现场实际使用和实验室校准条件不同造成的附加测量误差、试验台推力无法整体校准等问题。文中提出了利用摆锤式动态力加载装置实现标准矢量力加载的方案，为了验证设计方案的可行性，利用现有的设备研究验证校准方案，通过试验和分析给出了校准不确定度。结果表明：该方案动态性能优异，响应迅速，动态校准不确定度为2.2%，能满足高空发动机试车台矢量推力测试的需求，为后续进一步准确测试矢量推力提供了依据。     

A comparative study of ionospheric IRIEup and ISP assimilative models during some intense and severe geomagnetic storms

Three-dimensional (3-D) electron density matrices, computed in the Mediterranean area by the IRI climatological model and IRIEup and ISP nowcasting models, during some intense and severe geomagnetic-ionospheric storms, were ingested by the ray tracing software tool IONORT, to synthesize quasi-vertical ionograms. IRIEup model was run in different operational modes: (1) assimilating validated autoscaled electron density profiles only from a limited area which, in our case, is the Mediterranean sector (IRIEup_re(V) mode); (2) assimilating electron density profiles from a larger region including several stations spread across Europe: (a) without taking care of validating the autoscaled data in the assimilation process (IRIEup(NV)); (b) validating carefully the autoscaled electron density profiles before their assimilation (IRIEup(V)).The comparative analysis was carried out comparing IRI, IRIEup_re(V), ISP, IRIEup(NV), and IRIEup(V) foF2 synthesized values, with corresponding foF2 measurements autoscaled by ARTIST, and then validated, at the truth sites of Roquetes (40.80°N, 0.50°E, Spain), San Vito (40.60°N, 17.80°E, Italy), Athens (38.00°N, 23.50°E, Greece), and Nicosia, (35.03°N, 33.16°E, Cyprus). The outcomes demonstrate that: (1) IRIEup_re(V), performs better than ISP in the western Mediterranean (around Roquetes); (2) ISP performs slightly better than IRIEup_re(V) in the central part of Mediterranean (around Athens and San Vito); (3) ISP performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one in the eastern Mediterranean (around Nicosia); (4) IRIEup(NV) performance is worse than the IRIEup(V) one; (5) in the central Mediterranean area, IRIEup(V) performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one, and it is practically the same for the western and eastern sectors.Concerning the overall performance, nowcasting models proved to be considerably more reliable than the climatological IRI model to represent the ionosphere behaviour during geomagnetic-ionospheric storm conditions; ISP and IRIEup(V) provided the best performance, but neither of them has clearly prevailed over the other one.     

光敏推进剂激光烧蚀过程建模与仿真

相较于传统大卫星,微小卫星具有结构紧凑、质量轻便和成本低廉的特点。然而,受功率和质量负载的限制,微小卫星一般不装备推进系统,其航线也局限于近地轨道。为扩展微小卫星的功能,满足日益复杂的任务需求,需给其配备合适的微推进系统。固体推进系统具有结构简单、寿命长、可靠性高的优点,但无法重复启动。为得到可重复启动的固体微推进系统,设计了一种非自持燃烧的光敏推进剂,采用激光控制其燃烧。在背压为大气压的环境下,利用高速摄像机拍摄燃烧过程并记录燃速。之后,对光敏推进剂的激光烧蚀过程进行建模。分析结果表明:激光可控制光敏推进剂的燃烧,燃速与激光强度成线性关系;该光敏推进剂的最小激光点火强度为0.28 W/mm~2;燃速计算值与实测值的误差在10%以内,证明该数学模型具备工程应用价值。